The reason "disco" came up in your search is there is a very popular disco cover of this particular song. You are correct, however, that the original style is not at all disco.
I've seen the genre of this song described as "ragtime," an early synthesis of African-American syncopation and sensibilities with classical musical structures --and you will find that ragtime does in fact have the "upbeat bounce" you are looking for. However, ragtime is primarily associated with solo piano. The adaption of ragtime to big bands created a genre later called "Dixieland Jazz" or "hot jazz," which is more directly what you are looking for.
As Bebs correctly noted, this is often called "New Orleans Jazz," since it was really the first style of what we now call jazz, and New Orleans was its birthplace. However, since New Orleans is known for many many different musical styles, "Dixieland" or "hot jazz" are probably your best bets for a useful search term. ("Gipsy jazz" does have a similar sensibility, but tends to focus on guitar and violin, not wind instruments, while "swing" --which is what Goodman plays --is a slightly later style featuring a swung beat, which "Cantina Band" doesn't seem to have.)
A similar-sounding song, that might have inspired this one, is the 1950 retro hit "Music Music Music". Like "Cantina Band," it's intended to remind people of the hits of the 20s and 30s, but doesn't sound exactly like the authentic music of the times. If the characteristic that attracts you is that "Cantina" is a modern, futuristic take on an old-fashioned sound, then your best bet might be electro-swing.
