A "novelty song" is definitely "in the ear of the beholder" — an "I know it when I hear it" kind of music. However, there are a few general properties that many draw from:
- Unusual instrumentation
- Unusual topic for lyrics
- Often funny or unserious
- Overall uniqueness
- Sometimes the only song that artist is known for
- Sometimes achieve a meme-like spot in popular culture
Aside from popular opinion, there are a few "authorities" who might declare a song a "novelty":
- Dr. Demento: https://www.drdemento.com/
- Record labels: Novelty Records (1950s-era label) and Rhino Records
- Did I mention Dr. Demento?
For example, I would not include "Dislocated" in my list of novelty tunes. It might be a little weird or experimental compared to other music of the time, but not at a level I would call "novelty".
Here are a few that come to mind when I think of novelty tunes:
- "Choo'n Gum" by Teresa Brewer: YouTube
- "They're Coming to Take Me Away" and "I Live in a Split Level Head" by Napolean XIV: YouTube; YouTube
- "Ready to Rock" by Pianosaurus: YouTube
- "Enormous Penis" by Da Vinci's Notebook: YouTube
- "Dead Puppies" by Ogden Edsel: YouTube
- "The Chipmunk Song" by Alvin and the Chipmunks: YouTube
- "King Tut" by Steve Martin: YouTube
- "Fish Heads" by Barnes & Barnes: YouTube (songs starts at about 2:15)
- "Cement Mixer" by Slim Galliard: YouTube
- "Hawaian War Chant" arr. Spike Jones: YouTube
- "Rubber Biscuit" by The Blues Brothers: YouTube
- "Grandma Got Run Over by a Reindeer" by Elmo and Patsy: YouTube